Glossaire A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Blood Choke A type of submission where blood is cut off from the brain. Unlike chokes which rely on cutting off air, a blood choke works much quicker (less than ten seconds). There are many different kinds of blood chokes and many ways to perform them. Center Line While in guard or mount, the center line can be thought of a boundary down the middle of both opponents. Crossing the center line is when one opponent brings their entire arm or shoulder over that imaginary line. More often than not, it's considered a bad thing as it's exposing your back to your opponent. Gi/Kimono The uniform worn for Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. It is two pieces, one top and bottom, usually made of thick cotton. The gi is worn for practice because of its reusability from one practice to the next. Gracie The family that pioneered Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. The name "Gracie" is synonymous with Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. Gracie Jiu-Jitsu A close derivative of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. The main difference is the emphasis that Gracie Jiu-Jitsu places on self-defense and real world application. Gracie Jiu-Jitsu is also essentially trademarked, meaning that most schools can't just refer to themselves as a "Gracie Jiu-Jitsu" academy unless they are officially affiliated with someone from the Gracie family. Guard A basic position of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. One person has their back on the ground with their legs wrapped around the waist of their opponent who is facing them. The opponent typically keeps a lose center of gravity by resting on their knees. Hooks A situation where you are using arms, hands, legs, feet, or all of the above to literally form a hook around the body of the opponent. This action is used to control the opponent's body and manipulate it how you wish. Mixed Martial Arts Mixed martial arts or MMA is a term for the combat sport in which two competitors attempt to achieve dominance over one another by utilizing three general tactics: striking, finishing holds, and control. The rules allow the combatants to use a variety of martial arts techniques, including punches, kicks, joint-locks, chokes, takedowns and throws. Victory is normally gained through knock-out, submission (one fighter concedes victory to the other by tapping the mat or his opponent with his hand). Mount A basic position of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. One person is laying with their back on the ground while their opponent is sitting on top of them above the waist. NAGA The North American Grappling Association; they are responsible for hosting numerous grappling and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu tournaments through out the United States and neighboring countries. No-Gi Sometimes written as "no gi" or "nogi." This refers to matches that performed without wearing a gi. Usually the competitors wear shorts and a rashguard or t-shirt instead. No-gi matches tend to be faster paced as it forces the competitors to rely on natural body hands for control. Post When a person puts their weight on one arm or leg and plants it either on the ground or their opponent. This is done to keep from losing a position or to keep your opponent from transitioning to a new position. Pride Also known as "Pride Fighting Championships" or "PrideFC." This is an organization based in Japan that hosts Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) events on a regular basis. Pulling Guard Pulling guard is when you are still standing with your opponent and instead of going for a takedown you grab them and fall backwards bringing them with you. This will bring the match to the ground in a neutral guard position instead of a dominate position which may be obtained by performing a takedown. Rashguard A special shirt worn under the gi. Often worn for comfort or preventing skin to skin contact. Under Armor shirts fall in to this category. Roll Term for when two competitors have a live match with each other. Shot Quick technique used while standing to close the distance between you and your opponent. Often used for takedown attempts. Shrimping Technique used on the ground to help create distance between you and the person on top of you. Creating this distance is often needed to perform other techniques. Sprawl Defense technique while standing. When a person shoots in at you, they are usually going for your legs. Sprawling is the act of kicking your legs straight out behind you and falling to the ground on top of your opponent preventing them from getting a takedown. Stripes Stripes are a system of merit within each belt. Generally they are awarded based on time spent training. Usually after 50-100 hours of training a person is awarded a stripe on their belt. It's customary to have at least four stripes on your belt before you are ready to move up to the next belt level. Submission Any kind of technique, be it a joint lock, choke, etc..., that causes the opponent to "tap out" or face serious injury or knock-out. A successful submission stops the match and gives victory to the person performing it. Takedown Any move from standing position that brings your opponent to the ground with you in a dominant position over them. In Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, takedowns must be performed with control. Turtle A position in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. Turtling is when a person is on their hands and knees facing the mat. UFC Also known as the Ultimate Fighting Championships. This is an organization based in the USA that hosts MMA events on a regular basis.